我国高等教育大众化道路上的公平问题研究

On the Equity Problems in Massification of Chinese Higher Education

我国高等教育经过四十余年的曲折缓慢发展后，正快述向大众化迈进。尽管自新中国成立以来，公平原则就成为了发展大众高等教育的基本指导思想，但是，公平问题仍然严重地存在于我国高等教育大众化进程之中。城乡高等教育发展的巨大差距、不同社会阶层接受高等教育的不平等，地位、不同地区人口接受高等教育机会以及教育质量的差异、女性较男性接授高等教育的不利处境等已经严重威胁到高等教育大众化目标的实现。大众化将由一个主要以解决处于优势社会地位人口群接受高等教育的问题的阶段转变到一个主要以解决处于弱势社会地位人口群接受高等教育的问题的阶段。这是一个困难更大的阶段，是一个攻坚阶段，政府在这个阶段所发挥的作用至关重要，直接关系至高等教育大众化目标的全面实现。

Chinese higher education is swiftly marching toward massification after a winding and slow development for more than 40 years. Although the equity principle has been taken as a basic direction in developing massive higher education since the founding of the P.R. China， there still exist a number of serious equity problems， e.g. the difference between cities and countryside， inequity status between social classes， imbalance of auess and quality of higher education for people in different areas， and less developed higher education for women. It can be forecasted that the process of massive higher education in China is getting into an arduous stage， and needs to provide access to the disadvantaged groups. In this stage， the government has to play a substantial role in directly determining the true realization of massive higher education.