师范教育与大学：比较分析及其对香港的启示

Teacher Education and the University：A Comparative Analysis with Implication for Hong Kong

教育大学可视为一种新型大学，能够以崭新的方式同时适应师范教育发展和知识社会的需求。本文首先对大学和师范院校在西方和亚洲社会的发展作一历史回顾。然后，探究这二类院校形成的对照的价值取向。讨论本文的核心问题，即师范教育如何达到与大学比肩的学术水准，同时保有师范院与知识社会有关的价值观。对三个西方社会和三个亚洲社会的比较的历史分析，展示了摆脱这一困境的不同方式。本文最后勾勒了师范教育截然不同的四种模式，提出教育大学这一模式最为适应香港的现状，可能也最为适应亚洲的文化环境。

The university of education might be seen as a new type of university， which may contribute both to teacher education and the needs of the knowledge society in new ways. This paper begins with a historical overview of the development of universities and normal colleges in Western and Asian societies. It then explores the contrasting value orientations of these two types of institution， and addresses the core question of how teacher education can attain a level of excellence parallel to that of universities， while maintaining those values of the normal college that are relevant to the knowledge society. A comparative historical analysis of three Western and three Asian societies gives an overview of different ways of resolving this dilemma. The paper then draws out four distinctive models of teacher education. It suggests the model of a university of education as uniquely suited to the Hong Kong situation， and possibly only culturally viable in an Asian environment.