差异化绩效责任制：美国中小学均衡发展的新举措

Differentiated Accountability System：the New Initiatives of Balanced Development in American Primary and Secondary School

21世纪以来，美国加强绩效责任制的应用来推进中小学的均衡发展，进一步引入灵活性和差异性元素，建立更加符合学校改进实际的差异化绩效责任制。通过这种灵活的新模式，联邦教育部希望对落后学校、学区进行有针对性、实质性的干预和介入，从而改善这些学校或学区的绩效状况，提升其教育教学质量，促进学区之间、学校之间在更高水平上的均衡发展。

Since the new century， American government promotes the balanced development of primary and secondary school through applying accountability system. The government wishes to establish the Differentiated Accountability System which can promote actual improvement of schools through introducing further elements of flexibility and diversity. Through the flexible new model， the federal Department of Education hopes to take targeted， substantial interference and intervention which can improve performance status of these lagging schools or school districts. And those measures can improve the education quality and promote the balanced development among schools or school districts in a higher level.