从高等教育基委员会看英国高校治理模式的创新

The Innovations in British Higher Education Governance Model in the Perspective of Higher Education Funding Council

20世纪年代，英国高等教育的治理模式发生了变革，1919年建立起的大学拨款委员会模式已经终结，取而代之的是新的基金委员会模式。基金委员会模式体现了英国高等教育治理的新思路，以英格兰地区的高等教育基金委员会最有代表性。该地区的高等教育基金委员会不但要求大学在财政方面积极承担绩效责任，而且在科研以及教学方面也对大学施加外在影响。基金委员会主要通过财政备忘录对大学进行财政风险评估。作为政府的代理机构，基金委员会有鲜明的商业特征，主要通过一系列审查和绩效问责措施促进高校治理变革。然而，基金委员会自身存在一些不足，需要进一歩完善。

Since 1990s， the model of British higher education governance has changed. The University Grants Committee established in 1919 was replaced by new funding council model in 1992. This funding council displays the new thinking of British higher education governance， and Higher Education Funding Council for England is the best sample to learn this new model. HEFCE not only requires higher education institutions to be responsible for the accountability of the public which is allocated by it but also experts its influence on the filed of research and teaching. The funding council mainly uses the financial memorandum to manage risk assessment on universities. As the agency body for government， it utilizes a series of measurements to push higher education institutions change governance model. However， the funding council has some disadvantages and needs improving.