责任与效益－美国高等教育新问责制的兴起、发展与趋势

New Accountability Policies for Higher Education in America

问责制(Accountability)是在美国高等教育大发展背景下，美国高校为回应利益相关方的责任诉求所采取的一种管理方式和手段。本研究通过政策与文献分析，考察美国社会政治系统怎样随着时间演变影响州政府的决策，解读促使问责制产生与推行的重要相关因素，以期寻求相关的政策借鉴意义。

Because of American higher education development， universities and colleges adopted ways to response to the request for the performance-accountability from the public. The new policy was more concerned with the outcome of the universities rather than traditionally just paying attention to the input. Based on the policies analyses and literature review， this paper examines how variation over time the state sociopolitical systems influence states' adoption of accountability policies. From the correlative factors analyses stimulating the formulation of the policies， the research intends to explore what we can learn from it.