CISD课程简介及其对我国灾后心理危机干预的启示

Introduction of CISD Course and Its Implication for China Psychological Intervention after Disaster

危机事件压力转化（CISD）课程是为了减缓个体在灾后可能出现的急性应激障碍（ASD）或创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）而实施的短时程会谈式团体支持活动，是当前各国开展灾后心理危机干预的重要方式之一。文章简要回顾了当代CISD课程的基本假设、基本过程与主要技术、组织形式与变式、效果检验与存在问题，并提出了其对我国开展灾后心理危机干预的启示：促进个体自我复原并引导个体在危机中成长；借助团体的支持并结合本土的文化；重现灾后心理评估与长期追踪。

Critical incident stress debriefing（CISD）course is a brief and short─term intervention in form of team─talk aiming at mitigating long─term distress and preventing the emergence of posttraumatic stress. It is one of the important psychological interventions after disaster. This paper reviews the basic hypothesis， process， technology， model， variant and result of implementing CISD course as well as existing problems. These would bring some benefits to develop psychological intervention after disaster in China.