德国的学科文化研究：概念分析与现象学描述

Research on Disciplinary Cultures in Germany: Concept Analysis and Phenomenological Description

德国的学科文化研究是德国高校社会化研究框架内的一个新的研究分支。本文分析了学科文化的概念，并从现象学的层面描述了德国学科文化的表现特征。从概念上来看，德国现有的学科文化概念分别以布迪厄的习性理论和帕森斯的行动理论为基础。从现象学的层面来看，学科文化的特征集中体现在学科的认识论取向、课程符码、教学文化、学业组织、师生互动模式、学科成员的衣着打扮、学习风格、居住形式、政治态度及其典型的感知、思维和行为模式等方面。

In recent years， a new research field has been developed within the framework of German research on socialization at university， namely: research on disciplinary cultures. This article analyzes the concepts of disciplinary culture and gives a phenomenological description of diverse disciplinary cultures. Two concepts of disciplinary culture in the German research literature are identified. They are respectively grounded in Bourdieu's Habitus theory and Parsons’ action theory. The phenomenological description shows that the characteristics of disciplinary cultures are mostly reflected in the following 10 areas: epistemological orientation， pedagogical code， teaching culture， study organization， patterns of teacher-student interaction， political attitudes， clothes and appearance， learning styles and the typical patterns of perception， thinking and behavior of the discipline members.