图形项目记忆与位置来源提取的ERP研究

An Event-Related Potentials Study of Item Memory and Location Source Retrieval of Line Drawing

采用事件相关电位（ERP）方法研究大学生图形项目记忆与位置来源提取新/旧效应的时、空分布特征。学习屏幕左侧（或右侧）呈现的图形后在屏幕中央呈现某一测验项目（已学图形或新图形），对受试者进行两类测验：其一是判断该项目是否已学过；其二是将从某侧学过的测验项目判断为目标，而将其它测验项目判断为非目标的来源测验（排除任务）。实验结果表明：图形位置来源提取比项目再认新/旧效应的头皮分布更广，持续时程更长；与前人相同实验范式的研究结果相比，本研究位置来源提取效应的头皮分布范围较广；非目标-旧图形与目标图形新/旧效应的头皮激活程度不同。上述结果说明：图形位置来源提取比项目再认激活的大脑区域更多，这与双重加工模型的观点一致；实验范式和来源知觉的特性共同调节来源记忆新/旧效应的时、空分布特征；意识水平对来源信息提取的新/旧效应存在一定的影响。

Background Item memory and source memory are two important aspects of episodic memory. Recent studies about the behavioral characteristics and neural basis of item memory and source memory indicate that they are two different psychological processions. Two models have been proposed to describe the relation between these two kinds of memories: single-process model and dual-process model. Each model is supported by substantial evidence. Up to now， three kinds of paradigms have been formed to discr