社会认同理论视野下的社会认同威胁

The Social Identity Threat from the Perspective of the Social Identity Theory

社会认同威胁是指，在社会比较的情况下，由于群体地位的差异，某一群体的个体在认知、情感上，对自我、所属群体身份的不承认，而产生的一种心理上的疏离感和剥夺感、自卑感。社会认同威胁的结果包括3类：脱离群体、改变群体的状态、接受消极的社会认同结果。外显[社会威胁]的测量方法以问卷调查为主。测量“社会威胁”的内隐方法则以心脏血压和平均动脉血压作为测量指标。社会认同威胁的实验研究将群体分化为内群体和外群体，操纵群体地位的差异，通过模拟社会游戏来了解群体的社会认同威胁及其生理反应。未来的研究将重点关注下述问题：对社会认同威胁概念的建构、跨文化研究及其内隐过程的分析。

Social identity threat refers that， in comparison to an out-group， the individual in a particular group failed to identify his/her group status and showed a sense of alienation， deprivation and inferiority. Consequences of social identity threat included three categories: dissociation from the particular group， changing the state of the particular group and reception of the consequences of negative social identity. The explicit measuring of social threat was mainly made up of surveys. Meanwhile， systolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure were taken as indices in the implicit methods. The experimental research of social identity threat divided the group into inner-group and out-group， manipulated the difference of group status and explored social identity threat and the physical reaction of the group with simulated society game. The following issues will draw great attention in future researches: the conceptual construction of social identity threat， cross-cultural research and analyses of the implicit processes.