数学焦虑对心算加工的影响

Mathematics Anxiety and Its Effect on Mental Arithmetic

近20年来，研究者逐渐注意到心算加工会受到数学焦虑的影响。文章主要介绍了数学焦虑的涵义、测量及其对心算加工的影响和理论解释。数学焦虑对心算的影响与问题大小效应关系密切。数学焦虑对简单心算问题的影响不大，随着问题难度的增加，数学焦虑效应逐渐明显。此外，数学焦虑还影响着心算的编码、提取以及策略选择等过程。目前的研究多倾向证明加工效能理论，同时抑制理论也是个可选择的理论解释，只是尚缺乏验证研究。

In recent 20 years， researchers have began to learn that mental arithmetic is influenced by mathematics anxiety. The meaning and measurement of mathematics anxiety were introduced in the paper. Mathematics anxiety effect is related to problem-size effect. It is not significant when mental arithmetic problems are simple， but it becomes more significant with the difficulty growing. Moreover， the procedures of code， retrieve and selecting strategy are influenced by mathematics anxiety. Current research was apt to verify the processing efficiency theory， but inhibition theory was also an alternative， which is lacking in evidence.