视觉返回抑制的实验范式

Experimental Paradigms for Inhibition of Return

综述了视觉返回抑制的实验范式及相关研究。Posner和Cohen在研究视觉空间注意内部转移过程的实验中发现了返回抑制现象，这一实验被视为经典的返回抑制实验。后来通过大量的研究，形成了线索-靶子和靶子-靶子两大实验范式。线索-靶子范式中根据线索呈现方式、任务类型、刺激呈现方式等方面的不同，又可以细分为一系列小的范式和方法；而靶子-靶子范式的应用主要集中在与辨别任务的结合，以及跨通道的研究中。

This review will discuss experimental paradigms used in previous IOR researches. In their visual attention experiment， Posner and Cohen first found IOR effect， which refers to slower responding to stimuli at previously occupied spatial location， and the paradigm they used was regarded as the typical IOR experiment. After that， a great deal studies were made， and two basic paradigms are formed， which are cue-target paradigm vs. target-target paradigm. In cue-target paradigm， according as how to present the cue， using which target and whether the stimulus is dynamic or not， and so on， it could be compartmentalized to many modes. And target-target paradigm was mostly used in the experiments with discrimination task and with crossmodal.