人格心理学的学科架构初探

The Framework of Personality Psychology

人格心理学作为心理学体系中的重要分支之一，自创立以来却一直缺乏一个完整统一的学科架构。这种状况极大地限制了该学科的发展。文章回顾了人格心理学的起源和发展，探讨了学科发展的趋势，呈现了当下几种主要的学科架构。在综合比较的基础上，对其中有代表性的Clonlinger人格[描述—动力—发展]的[3D]模型进行了修正：（1）增加了人格理论；（2）把第一个[D]由[人格描述]改为[人格表现]；（3）对原有[3D]的内容进行补充和完善。得出了对人格心理学学科架构的[3D]修正模型：即理论加[3D]。

The field of personality is one of the most exciting yet frustrating areas of psychology. However， lack of a single， integrative framework becomes a barrier to the development of temporary personality psychology. The origin and development of personality psychology are briefly discussed. Moreover， latest tendencies of this principle and the most popular frameworks of personality psychology are also addressed. Based on the new orientations of framework integrations， this paper proposes a modified [3D] framework comparing Clonlinger's [3D] Model of Personality. This modified [3D] framework (a) adds more personality theories in the framework， (b) substitutes the first [D] —[Description] with [Demonstration]， and (c) refines the original [3D] and proposes a new approach [Theories Plus 3D(personality demonstration， dynamics and development)].