口语测试中评分员和不同考试形式对考生的影响个案研究

The effects of the rater type and oral test type on the performance of test takers—A case study

本研究选取了外向型和内向型评分员各3 名，随机抽取了40 名考生，通过访谈、有声思维、问卷等方法调查了外向型和内向型两种评分员及直接口试和录音口试两种考试形式对考生水平发挥的影响。定性分析发现，不同个性的评分员在评分过程中对评分量表的解释既有共性又有区别；不同考试形式对大多数考生水平的发挥有一定的影响。但是二因素方差分析的结果表明：两种评分员、两种考试形式及评分员个性因素与考试形式的交互作用对考生水平发挥的影响不显著。

The present study selected 3 extravert and introvert raters respectively and randomly selected 40 test takers. It investigated the influence of extravert and introvert raters， and direct and tape-mediated oral tests on test takers through interviews， think-aloud protocol and questionnaires. Qualitative analyses showed that there existed some similarities and differences in the interpretation of the rating scale between extravert and introvert raters. The type of oral tests had some effects on the performance of the majority of test takers. However， the results of two-way ANOVA indicated that the type of raters had no significant effect on test performance. The type of oral tests had no significant effect on test performance. The interaction effect between the type of raters and the type of oral tests had no significant effect on test performance.