德國二元制職業教育職場實習訓練因應人力市場需求之策略

The Strategies of Workplace Training of the Vocational Dual System to Response the Change of the Workforce Market in Germany

本文旨在探究德國二元制職業教育之職場實習訓練，在職業結構的改變下，如何因應人力市場的需求，提出調整的策略。本研究以文件檔案分析的方式，分為以下幾個部分：首先，前言部分說明全球化衝擊人力市場，連帶促使職業結構變化，進而對職業教育造成影響。其次，說明德國二元制職業教育職場實習訓練的優勢，以及人力市場改變的挑戰。接著，解釋二元制職業教育職場實習訓練的因應策略，企圖瞭解德國的聯邦教育部、聯邦職業教育研究所、公會與實習機構如何進行溝通與協調，以針對市場需要的新職業提出實習名額，以及為拓展實習名額所推行的相關計畫。最後，提出德國調整經驗對臺灣的啟示。

This study examines the workplace training of the vocational dual system in Germany， and to identify how these reforms in workplace training impact the quality of the overall work force. The article is based on a documentary analysis approach. After describing the change of Germany’s job situation， the article illustrates the challenges that exist in contemporary workplace training. The author concludes with a description of the strategies of Germany’s workplace training regarding the vocational dual system. A rationale of the study’s findings for the Taiwan context is included as part of the conclusion section.