杜威「民主與教育」在課程上的啟示

The Implication of John Dewey's 「Democracy and Education」 in Curriculum

杜成是近代著名的哲學家和教育家，其所提倡的試驗主義教育學說，對於當代的教育活動，有著極為深遠的影響，尤其他所著的《民主與教育》一書，不但對於民主與教育的關係做了相當詳細的闡述，為民主教育的發展，勾勒出理想的藍圖之外，同時也對於學校中課程的設計與實施，提出了極為精闢、前瞻的看法，這些論點對於課程目標、課程選擇、課程組織、以及課程實施等方面，深具意義，頗能作為課程設計的依據。而當前國內正在推動課程改革之際，九年一貫新課程又即將上路，杜威在課程方面所提出的這些看法，或許能為這波的課程改革，提供反省再思的機會，使課程的變革更趨理想。

John Dewey， the famous philosopher and educator， greatly promoted Experimentalism which has a deep influence over our educational activities. In the book “Democracy and Education”， he not only elaborates on the relations between democracy and education， but he also shows a penetrating insight into curriculum design which has a profound meaning to curriculum objectives， curriculum selection， curriculum organization， and curriculum implementation. At the present time， great reforms are being inaugurated in curriculum and the “Nine-Year Integrated Curricula” is on the way. Dewey’s perspective on curriculum may provide us with favorable opportunities of reflection for the wave of curriculum reforms to seek ideal curriculum changes.