精英化阶段的中国大学特色：回顾与反思

China’s University Characteristics at the Elite-oriented Stage：Review and Reflection

从19世纪末的萌芽到20世纪末的改革与发展，是中国大学探索形成自身特色的百年。作为后发外生型的中国大学，其特色之路充满了障碍和矛盾。中国大学一直处在本土文化与外来文化的冲突之中，处在学术自主与外在控制的挣扎之中，处在借鉴模仿与追寻特色的徘徊之中，处在“致力于高深学问”与“升官发财之阶梯”的矛盾之中。现代中国大学要追求其最原始的特色，必然要从内向外进行根治，回归大学的本性，遵循大学的逻辑。

From its germination in the late Qing dynasty to its comprehensive recovery at the end of the 20th century. China’s university has pursued its own characteristics for over a century. However， this journey of self-exploration has been fraught with obstacles and contradictions， including the conflict between native culture and alien culture， between academic autonomy and external control， between imitation and originality， and between “exploration of knowledge” and “preparation for career development”， etc. It is imperative for modern Chinese university to return to its nature and follow the logic of higher education in order to pursue its original characteristics.