制约我国高等教育招生制度改革外部因素的经济学分析

The Economic Analysis for the External Constraints on the Reforms of Chinese University Entrance Examination

本文作者从经济学市场角度分析了教育机会市场与教育产品市场的相互作用，指出我国目前所采取的统一高考制度实际上起到了控制接受高等教育机会最高限价的作用。如果取消这一高考选拔制度而完全代之以市场机制，在我国目前法制不健全、经济发展不均衡、权钱交易不能得到有效控制的形势下，势必会导致接受高等教育机会成本的提高，不利于低收入家庭和弱势群体的发展，进而影响到整个社会的公平、公正体系。同时，对于高等教育招生制度的改革过程也应该是在完善就业市场，提高教育供给等前提下，才可能得到真正的完善。

With the restart of the university entrance examination in 1977， it has been playing a great role in screening students. Although such test─based system is not helpful to find real talents and has become bigger issue of Chinese higher education， but from the view of economy， this simple system is an effective way to control the cost of higher education especially in the present situation that unbalanced economic development exist among different regions and necessary laws and regulations have not totally established yet. It is necessary for us to take all of the external factors， constraints in particular， into account while reforming the university entrance examination.