教育政策的制度分析：必要、框架及限度

The Institutional Analysis of Educational Policy: Necessity, Framework and Limitation

政策的本质以及它与制度的关系模式决定了教育政策制度分析的必要。教育政策的制度分析框架应将教育政策纳入到与教育制度关联的关系模式中，放入教育制度变迁的大背景中进行考察；教育政策的制度分析应该是方法论整体主义和个人主义的统一，而实现连接的桥梁则是对行动者策略行为的充分关注；作为方法论的制度分析，它的特点主要表现在对教育制度差异的敏感性、注重制度发展史，关注观念与意识形态等心智结构因素对制度发展的影响；教育政策的制度分析的最终落脚点在于对教育政策制度伦理公正的考虑。教育政策的制度分析框架是建构的、开放的，同时作为一种方法论它又是有限度的。

The nature of policy and its relationship pattern with system have determined the necessity of institutional analysis of educational policy. The framework of this analysis should position educational policy in its relationship pattern with educational institutions and observe it in the background of transformation of educational institutions. The institutional analysis of educational policy should be the integration of wholism and individualism in methodology. Enough attention should be paid to the behavior of educational policy subject as it can realize the integration. As a kind of methodology， institutional analysis is characterized by its sensitivity to differences on educational institutions， a focus on developing history of institutions， close attention to the influences of intellectual factors such as consciousness and ideology. Finally the institutional analysis should examine the ethical equity of educational policy The institutional analysis of educational policy is of great importance as a kind of analysis perspective. It is constructional in analysis but it has limitations as methodology.