全球化、国际化与高等教育交流：香港的经验

Globalization, Internationalization and Academic Exchange: Experience of Hong Kong

为了应对日益激烈的全球市场竞争，许多新兴国家和地区的政府近年来都纷纷起草教育改革蓝图，并出台一系列针对教育体制改革的措施。香港特别行政区也把教育作为一项优先发展的公共政策，以增强本地公民的全球竞争力。从认识到人力资源是特别行政区拥有的唯一资源后，香港特区政府亦斥巨资投资教育。尽管特别行政区目前面临严重的预算赤字，但教育仍占到2004-2005年政府预算公共支出的最大份额22.5%。本文着重对在全球化的背景下，香港特别行政区采取怎样的措施来改善其高等教育体制，以及香港的大学如何与海外大学加强学术交流，以增强本港大学的国际竞争力进行论述。

In coping with the increasingly competitive global marketplace， the governments of East Asian newly industrializing economies such as Hong Kong， Singapore， South Korea and Taiwan have recently conducted comprehensive reviews and then implemented a variety of reform initiatives for their education systems in recent years. To enhance the citizens’ global competence， the Government of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR， hereafter) has deliberately made education one of the top public policy priorities. Realizing that human resource is the only resource it possesses， the HKSAR has invested heavily in education. Despite the fact that the HKSAR is now facing severe budget deficit， education still constitutes the largest budget in terms of public expenditure (22.5%)in 2004-2005 budget. This paper sets out in the wider context of globalization to examine how and what specific reform strategies the HKSAR has adopted in reforming its higher education system in coping with globalization challenges. More specifically， this paper has chosen a focus to examine how universities in Hong Kong have developed academic exchanges and engaged in collaboration with overseas universities in order to enhance their international competitiveness in the increasingly globalizing academic community.