从分配正义到关系正义--西方教育公平探讨的新视角

From the Distributive Justice to Relational Justice: The New Perspective in the Western Discussion of the Educational Fairness

罗尔斯的分配正义论提出后对西方学界的教育公平研究产生了巨大的影响，他的很多理论在上个世纪的西方教育实践领域内均有深刻体现。然而近些年来，一些政治哲学家却指出，社会公平的问题不应该只在分配层面上讨论，他们认为不公平和非正义在分配领域之外的人际互动的社会关系层面上也有明显表现，这一派新兴的关系正义论的观点已经在关于教育公平的理论研究，及包括教育政策在内的公共政策领域引起了广泛的关注。

John Rawls' theory of distributive justice has tremendous impact on the conceptions of the educational fairness and equality. In modern society， education practices have been deeply affected by the ideas of distributive justice in the past century. However， in recent decades， philosophers such as Iris M Yong， has pointed out that issues of social justice should not address simply from distributive justice. They argue that unfairness and injustice are also embedded in human interaction and social relation. This emerging perspective of relational justice has begun to gather momentum in the areas of the theory of educational fairness and public policy including educational policy.