公共教育支出調節收入差異的有效性研究

The Effectiveness of Public Education Expenditure on the Adjustment of Income Inequality

本文通过1996-2003年26个省的面板数据回归分析，发现中国的公共教育支出具有广大收入差异的作用。其根本原因在于中国公共教育支出的不公平，妨碍了公共教育支出作为一种收入差异调节手段的有效性。当公共教育支出违背公平原则时，占有优势的社会阶层将会竞逐更有利于自身的教育资源配置。公共教育支出必将受到社会优势优势阶层的操纵，成为强化社会分层的政策工具。维护教育公平应当事公共教育的根本原则。

This study applies panel data regression model to investigate the relation between public expenditure and income inequality in China. It is found that China’s public education expenditure increase rather than reduce its income inequality. This results from an unfair allocation of public education expenditure in China. When the allocation of education expenditure violates the principle of equality， advantaged social classes would manipulate public education policy for their own interest， which tends to strengthen social stratification. Thus education equality must be the dominant objective of public education.