孟子人格尊严论及其教育价值

Mencius' Theory of Human Dignity and Its Educational Value

人格何以尊严，如何赢得人格尊严，如何保持人格尊严，历来是中国哲人关注和探究的重大问题。孟子承前启后，以其独特的视角，以其高明睿智和理论勇气，首倡[天爵]、[良贵]思想，确信人皆有善端，都有尚善成圣的可能性，提供了人格平等的人性论依据；主张[穷不失义，达不离道]，提倡超越权势利禄的独立人格；认为[人必自侮然后人侮之]，鄙夷自贱人格；确信[敬人者人恒敬之]，倡导维护和赢得人格尊严；主张持[君子之守]，养[浩然之气]，努力养成[大丈夫]人格尊严。孟子以其自身崇高人格和留下的人格尊严的精辟论述，惠泽于后世，并为当代人格尊严教化提供了宝贵资源和现实借鉴。

Where is human dignity from? How to win human dignity? How to maintain human dignity? These are Chinese philosophers' major issues of concern and have always been explored. Mencius， who forged a link between past and future， with his unique perspective and his brilliant wisdom and theoretical courage， initiated the thinking of Nobility of Heaven and Good Honor. He asserted that all human beings are by nature good and have the possibility of becoming a sage， which provided human personality equity as a basis of human nature theory. He maintained that though poor， not lose righteousness; though prosperous， not go astray from the right path， and promoted the independent personality beyond the power and fortune. He believed that A man must first despise himself， and then others will despise him. and disdained those who despise themselves. He held the view that He who respects others is constantly respected by them. and advocated the efforts to maintain and win human dignity. He insisted to hold the principles the noble men hold， to nourish ＂noble spirit and to make efforts to develop the human dignity of the great man. Mencius has benefited the later generations with his own noble personality and the brilliant depiction about human dignity. It provides valuable resources and realistic reference for the contemporary cultivation of human dignity.