农村义务教育分权管理制度对教育质量影响实证研究--基于湖北、江苏两省中小学校的调查

The Empirical Research on the Impact of Decentralized Education Management System on the Rural Compulsory Education Quality in China Based on Surveys of Primary and Secondary Schools in Hubei and Jiangsu

利用中国教育财政科学研究所2007年开展的“中国农村义务教育状况调查”数据，采用多层线性模型方法探讨了我国中东部地区农村义务教育财政和人事分权管理制度对教育质量的影响，得出如下主要结论：教师人事分权制度对农村小学教育质量有显著正影响；教育财政分权制度对农村中小学教育质量的影响比较复杂。为了促进中东部地区农村义务教育质量的提高和农村义务教育经费保证新机制改革的深入发展，应给予农村中小学一定的经费使用自主权，同时完善和强化对学校公用经费使用过程的监控机制；实行教师人事管理分权制度，赋予农村中小学校长一定的教师人事自主权。

This paper does an empirical study on the impact of decentralized school finance and personnel management system on the rural compulsory education quality with the method of hierarchical linear model and the data of China's Rural Compulsory Education Survey launched by China's Education Finance Research Institute in 2007. Results show that the decentralized personnel management system has a statistically significant positive effect on the education quality， but the decentralized school finance system has a statistically mixed effect on the education quality. In order to improve the quality of rural compulsory education and advance the reform of the new guarantee mechanism of education funds in the middle and east regions， rural primary and secondary schools should be given certain autonomy to use funds and meanwhile， the monitoring mechanisms for the process of the use of public funds in schools should be improved and strengthened. And the decentralized system of personnel management of teachers should be implemented and certain degree of autonomy of personnel management of teachers should be given to principals in rural schools.