个性限度内的教育惩罚--一项迪尔凯姆的研究

Educational Punishment within the Limit of Personality：A study of Durkheim

教育惩罚不是达成其他目标的工具，它是一种个性限度内的惩罚，应该使它融入教育的终极使命。迪尔凯姆认为社会性是个性的本源，个性不是先验的存在和权利，个性是道德的个性。纪律精神、对社会的依恋和自主性是个性的基本要素。教育惩罚是一种道德惩罚，是对道德违犯者的一种谴责性表达，并对遭破坏的道德权威加以复原。迪尔凯姆认为教育应该远离体罚，惩罚不应针对学业失败，应该发挥惩罚的教育价值。

Educational punishment isn’t an instrument to achieve other goals. It is a kind of punishment within the limit of personality. It should be integrated into the ultimate mission of education. Durkheim believes that sociality is the origin of personality； personality isn’t transcendental being and entitlement； and personality is the personality of moral. The basic elements of personality refer to the discipline spirit， the attachment to society and the autonomy. Educational punishment is a kind of moral punishment， a form of reproachful expression to moral offenders and the rehabilitation for the damaged ethical authority. Durkheim holds that education should be remote from corporal punishment. Punishment shouldn’t be directed against academic failure and its educational values should be developed.