道德教育中的道德悖论问题及消解

The Moral Paradox in Moral Education and Its Solution

道德教育中的道德悖论指的是发生在道德教育领域中的一种正当的道德行为选择却同时产生善与恶两种自相矛盾的结果的特殊情况。与道德教育中的其它悖论现象相比较，道德悖论是一种结果式悖论，并且道德悖论中善与恶之间的矛盾是一种共时性存在的自相矛盾。就道德教育中道德悖论产生的原因而言，道德规则本身具有的”二律背反”特征是道德悖产生的首要原因，而学生道德智能的缺失和道德教育中的道德悖论问题并不是可以完全消除，而只能是通过培养学生的道德智能来降低道德悖论发生的概率或者降低道德悖论带来的危害。

The moral paradox in moral education refers to the special circumstance under which a legitimate moral conduct leads to good and evil results at the same time. Compared with other contradictions appeared in moral education， the moral paradox reflects the result of moral behavior and the contradiction between the good and the evil is simultaneous and self─contradictory. As for the reasons causing the moral paradox， the intrinsic antinomy feature of moral principles is the leading reason；while students’ lack of moral wisdom and the exploiting of hypothesis of good human nature in moral education are the other two reasons. From the above analysis of the reasons leading to the moral paradox， we can see that the moral paradox in moral education can not be eliminated. Only through cultivating students’ moral wisdom can reduce the risk of moral paradox and lower the harm caused by the moral paradox.