高校学生婚育权与受教育权之发展演变 ─ 以1978年恢复高考以来教育部颁布的规范性文件为分析文本

The Evolution of Marriage and Procreation Right and the Right to Education of College Student ─ The analysis about the standard documents by the Ministry of Education since Restoring the National College Entrance Examination in 1978

婚育权是我国公民依法享有的一项民事权利，在校大学生应该享有与其它公民平等的婚育权。受教育权作为学生权利中最根本的权利，是宪法赋予公民的一项基本权利，公民婚结与否不应成为其接受教育的限制条件。我国1978年恢复高考以来高校学生婚育权的发展，经了由最初的”限制结婚”到”禁婚”，再到”禁婚、禁育”的解除三个阶段，学生婚育权和受教权二者之间也从冲突走向融合，这既彰显了受教育权利的人权特性，也为高校管理理念的重塑提供了新的视角。

The marriage and procreation right is one of the civil rights to citizens bylaws， so students in higher colleges should have the right of marriage and procreation equal with other citizens. As the most fundamental right of students， the right to education is one of the basic rights of citizens entitled by the constitution. To marry or not should not be the restriction of the right to education for citizens. The marriage and procreation right of college students evolves three stages， from “restricted marriage”， “forbidden marriage” to “removing barriers to forbidden marriage and procreation”， since restoring the national college entrance examination in 1978. These two conflict rights walking into mergence embrace the human rights’ characteristic of the right to education and provide a new view for reshaping the management idea of high education institutions as well.