教育民族志方法的探讨

Study on Educational Ethnography

研究者将人类学的民族志方法运用到教育研究中，通过长期的田野调查，直接、便捷和真实地反映研究者的研究路径和在与被研究者互动中获得的第一手资料，完成定向理论分析，这一过程称教育民族志。教育民族志是一种整体性的描述，这种方法的运用可以拓宽对教育现象的观察视角、丰富研究内容，特别是对挖掘隐藏在教育现象背后的许多不可视的和不可量化的因素有独特的贡献。近年学者们在教育领域中运用这一方法时出现了一些概念的混淆、误解和误用，因此本文旨在探讨这种研究方法的来源、概念、原理及需要遵循的基本原则，使教育民族志研究的方法不断地得到完善和丰富。

The researcher has applied the anthropologic ethnography into education study， by which the study route is reflected in a direct， easy and true manner， and after long─time field study， the researcher can acquire the firsthand resources from the interaction with informants and finish the directional theoretical analysis. Such a process is educational ethnography. It describes as a whole and can widen the observing perspectives of education phenomena， enrich the research content， and in particular， make unique contribution to exploring many invisible and non─quantifiable factors behind the phenomena. However， some concepts have been confused， misunderstood and misused while scholars apply it to education in recent years. Thus this paper aims to discuss the origins， concepts and basic principles of the methodology in order to improve the educational ethnography.