关于美国《国家科学教育标准》 一致性研究的述评

Review on the Coherence Research of the US National Science Education Standards

美国《国家科学教育标准》（以下简称《标准》）是我国理科各学科课程标准研制的主要参考文本之一。通过梳理《标准》文本一致性方面的有关研究，发现《标准》本身在关乎文本品质和功能的一致性方面存在诸多不足。不仅在文本表述方面，反映了后现代与现代哲学理念的不一致，还有文本内部教学标准与内容标准、评价标准之间的不一致，科学教育目标与所举案例的不一致；除此文本内部一致性较差以外，与实施及相关课程材料等外部关系之间的一致性方面也有待改进。了解所参考文本本身的不足，当有助于我国理科各学科课程标准的修订。

The US National Science Education Standards（hereunder referred to as “the Standards”） was one of the main texts referred to when China’s curriculum standards of science subjects were developed. By analyzing those researches into the coherence of the Standards， the author discovered that there were some inconsistency between the qualities and functions of the Standards’ texts. The inconsistency existed in the following respects：（1）the expression of texts showed the inconsistency between the post─modern philosophies and modern philosophy；（2）the teaching standards are not consistent with content standards and evaluation standards；（3）cases in the Standards are not targeted on goals of science education；（4）the external coherence of the Standards with related materials of curriculum implementation also needs to be improved. It would be helpful for our revision of science curriculum standards if we know the flaws of what we refer to.