教育改革中校長工作滿意、校長效能與學校效能之研究：國小校長之訪談研究

Principal Job Satisfaction, Principal Effectiveness, and School Effectiveness in Educational Reform: An Interview Study in Elementary Principals

本研究主要採訪談研究法以國小校長為對象，探討校長工作滿意、校長效能及學校效能之關係。首先就前述變項之重要理論及相關研究做一整理，次則就抽選之三十六位國小校長樣本逐一訪談，再次則將訪談資料予以整理與討論，最後提出結論與建議。本研究之重要結論為：（一）校長對工作滿意、校長效能與學校能三者內涵之認知接近且具高度相關：（二）校長對工作不滿意、阻礙校長效能與學校效能因素之認知一致性高；（三）實現教育理想、績效受肯定、社區積極參與，是校長對工作滿意的詮釋；（四）權責不稱、資源不足及不當外力是校長感到最不滿意之主因；（五）領導能力是校長效能之最重要指標；（六）專業能力、學校特性及外力干擾是影響校長效能之主因；（七）改善自身條件、調整制度、加強與外界互動是促進校長效能之途徑；（八）領導與管理、氣氛營造、師生表現及與社區關係是國小效能之重要指標；其反作用力則為阻礙效能之因素。主要建議為：（一）藉由增加校長工作滿意及校長效能，提升學校效能；（二）提昇校長專業能力：（三）教改應有完善的配套措施；（四）加強學校之行銷與公關；（五）營造良好學校氣氛；（六）以訪問研究結果編制本土化之國小「學校評鑑」指標。

The purpose of this study were to explore elementary principal’s perceptions of job satisfaction， principal effectiveness and school effectiveness by interviewing thirty-six elementary principals.Four conclusions were found after analyzing data. First， the elementary principals cognition about content of job satisfaction， effectiveness and school effectiveness is similar. The factors of job dissatisfaction， hinder principals’ effectiveness and schools’ effectiveness are highly related. Second， the principals’ interpretation of job satisfaction are implement educational ideal. Third， leadership ability is the most indicator of principals’ effectiveness. Fourth， leadership， open climate ， excellent performance of teachers and pupils， and strength public relationship are the main factors of school effectiveness.The recommendations are（1）promoting school effective ness by raising principals’ job satisfaction and effectiveness；（2）reinforcing the professional ability of principals；（3）enhancing school marketing；and （4）modeling good school climate.