安養機構老人休閒滿意研究--需求理論之驗證

A Study of Older Adults' Leisure Satisfaction in Residential Homes: Testing Need Theory

本研究旨在驗證需求理論，亦即探討勝任感、自我決定感二者與休閒滿意正向關聯的論點是否適於國內安養機構老人。本研究以立意取樣選擇130位安養機構老人作為研究對象（74位男性，56位女性，全體平均年齡78歲）；採取結構式問卷調查蒐集研究資料（直接請老人回答勝任感量表、自我決定感量表及休閒滿意量表上的問項）；使用複迴歸法分析勝任感、自我決定感二者與休閒滿意之關係。研究結果指出，勝任感、自我決定感二者確實與休閒滿意密切相關（β勝任 = 0.57，　β自決 = 0.32，F(2， 127) = 116.19，p < 0.01），證實需求理論適於國內。根據研究結果所提出之實務性建議於文末陳述。

Enhancing older adults’ leisure satisfaction in residential homes is essential because it plays a positive role in facilitating life satisfaction. The related literature suggests that to understand the cause of leisure satisfaction should be very important in order to effectively promote the satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to test the contingence hypothesis of satisfaction， resulted from compliance with the perspective of Need Theory， indicating that the needs of both perceived competence and self-determination simultaneously positively contribute to leisure satisfaction. Seventy-four men and 56 women (78 years of age on average) volunteered for the study. Data collected from three scales (i.e.， Competence Scale， Self-determination Scale and Leisure Satisfaction Scale) were analyzed using multiple regression. As predicted， findings based upon the analysis pointed out the above hypothesis to be supported， namely， both competence and self-determination simultaneously significantly contributing to older adults’ leisure satisfaction (βcom = 0.57， βsel = 0.32， F(2， 127) = 116.19， p ＜ 0.01). The implications of the findings are discussed in the study.