英國研究品質評鑑結果之實證分析

An Empirical Analysis of RAE Mechanism and Results in the United Kingdom

發展研究型大學已成為提升高等教育競爭力之重要課題。本研究之目的在分析英國高等教育研究品質評鑑之發展，並對1996年及2001年之評鑑結果之關係進行分析。依研究目的，本研究根據RAE網頁上所公布各大學之評鑑效標與結果資料，利用描述統計、單因子變異數分析、相依樣本t考驗、Wilcoxon帶符號檢定及相關係數等統計方法進行資料分析。研究結果顯示，英國高等教育研究評鑑機制發展屬於趨於成熟之模式，在1996年及2001年兩次之RAE評鑑中，不論在評估單位層級或是整體大學層級，研究品質都有顯著進步與提升，且呈現相當穩定之結果。其次，高等教育機構研究品質之良窳，與學校規模無關，但顯著受研究生比例高低之影響。最後，RAE之評鑑效標與評鑑結果具有顯著相關，表示根據研究品質指標進行研究品質判斷具有良好效度；同時，研究人員之論文成果是決定研究品質高低最重要之指標。根據研究結果，本研究提出有關研究品質評鑑之具體建議，供作我國發展研究型大學之參考。

To develop research-based university is an important issue for improving competitiveness of Higher Education. The main purposes of this study were firstly to explore the development of Research Assessment Exercise (RAE) of higher education in the United Kingdom， and secondly to examine the relationship of results between the 1996 and the 2001 RAE round. Data collection was conducted through RAE websites. Based on assessment criteria and results， data analysis was applied by the descriptive statistics， Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test， ANOVA， and correlation coefficient.This study found that RAE is a matured mechanism of research quality assessment of higher education， and it has assured the stability and improvement of research quality of higher education in UK. The relationship between assessment criteria and results are significant， and the publishing papers of active researchers in the key ingredient of research quality. Finally， based on the results， the author proposed the positioning of research-based universities.