馬卡道族東遷最後一塊樂土

The Last Territory of Makatao's Migration

加走灣是現在臺東縣長濱鄉的舊名，是臺灣南部馬卡道族東遷最後開墾的一塊土地，早年專指當地的頭庄、中庄與尾庄。日治時代的學者經由訪談得知當地的平埔族係來自臺灣西部，並非世居於當地。但是對於這些平埔人什麼時候？採用什麼方式遷移到加走灣，卻沒有獲得一致的共識。研究團隊利用口述歷史與田野調查的方式，在臺東縣長濱鄉忠勇村及周邊社區訪談當地耆老，針對當地平埔移民的遷移、宗教及生活文化進行口述歷史訪談與影像錄製。本文係以馬卡道先民東遷加走灣為主題，除了口述歷史之外並輔以受訪社區耆老所提供的日治時代戶籍資料，對照早年的研究文獻，研究團隊找到兩個可信度稍高卻衝突的觀點，經由詳盡的分析討論，我們認為長濱鄉當地馬卡道族人係來自現在的屏東縣赤山、萬金與餉潭村等地，他們較可能採用陸路的方式，在大約1871年至1872年間移居至加走灣。

Kazawan is the early name of Changbin Township in Taitung County. It's the last territory of Makatao people. Kazawan implied head village, middle village and tail village in old time. Japanese officer and scholar knew these people came from west Taiwan through interview the seniors. They didn't live here for generations. However there are always different opinions about when they migrated and how they migrated. We used field study and interviewed seniors about their ancestors' migration, religion and cultural life in these villages and nearby communities. In this article we discuss Makatao people's migration from south to East Taiwan. We found two trustful but conflict ideas through examination census data, researches and result of interview. We believed Kazawan's people came from Chihshan, Wanjin and Shiangtan village in Pingtung Country. They probably walked to Kazawan Taitung, not by ship in 1870-1872.