STEM/STEAM與跨學科教育的研究趨勢與實踐模式

Research Trend and Practice Mode of STEM and STEAM Education

培養學生跨領域學習能力已成為世界各國普遍重視的教育目標，如果學生能在教學活動過程中，運用多種學科能力共同解決特定問題，對於養成未來進入職場所需要的競爭能力及解決問題的能力都有很大的幫助。因此，如何配合學校課程，設計跨領域的學習活動，已是學校教師與教育研究者熱烈討論的議題。STEM/STEAM教育的訴求，即在於提供多學科複雜之學習環境，讓學生藉由解決任務或者產出專題，以練習整合知識與應用知識的能力。過去10年來，許多教育的相關研究開始討論STEM/STEAM教育所要培育學生的能力及影響學生參與活動的因素，然卻鮮少有研究討論如何調整STEM/STEAM活動設計，以更符合教育目標、學生的需求以及教學品質。因此，本研究歸納目前教學現場STEM/STEAM活動設計模式，並分析國際研究趨勢，以探討目前STEM/STEAM教育的研究走向與探討議題。最後，本研究進一步提出未來STEM/STEAM教育在教學以及研究上將如何發展。

In recent years, many educators and researchers have discussed how to cultivate students ｀interdisciplinary learning abilities in learning activities. If students can use multidisciplinary abilities to solve problems collaboratively during the activities, they can enhance not only their competition for entering the workplace in the future but also problem solving ability. The advance of STEM / STEAM education is to provide a multi-disciplinary and complex learning environment which allows students to integrate knowledge they learned and apply knowledge by solving tasks or producing products. Many studies have also begun to discuss which abilities can be cultivated by STEM or STEAM education; however, few studies discuss how to adjust the design of STEM or STEAM activities to better meet the educational goals, the needs of students, and the quality of teaching. Therefore, this study summarized the current STEM and STEAM activity design modes, and analyzed the international research trends to explore the current research trends and topics of STEM and STEAM education. Furthermore, some suggestions for education and research related to STEM and STEAM education was also provided.