利害關係人觀點評析青年全球移動政策之推動

Reviewing Implementation of Global Mobility Policy for Youth from the Perspectives of Stakeholders

有鑑於歐盟的ERASMUS計畫、韓國的K移動、澳洲的新哥倫布計畫，以及美國的新世代留學，臺灣教育部也在2015年制定移動力計畫。移動力計畫架構四年，從2015年到2019年，且其目標為推廣青年的國際移動力。以往國際移動力研究往往注重學生的海外學習、師生的國際化培育，但缺乏政策本身利害關係人部分之研究。本研究焦點在決定國際移動力計畫的挑戰，亦即在全球脈絡下，利害關係人的未來願景。調查研究共有404位參與者，24.5%來自臺灣北部，36.9%來自南部，30.0%來自中部和8.7%來自東部。結果顯示，國際移動力計畫面臨險峻挑戰和相對稀少的資源支援，這將會影響到政策的實施成效。然而，這不影響教育部推行政策的意圖。另外，大學的海外學習計畫不管在可用資源和政策的實施上，都較高中成效佳。本研究也發現移動力計畫過度注重海外學習，可能影響到在地學生就讀的需求。在新冠病毒蔓延的衝擊下，本研究發現可強化未來學子全球移動政策且可充實該領域的知識。

Following the EU’s Erasmus, Korea’s K-Move, Australia’s New Colombo Plan, and the United States’ Generation Study Abroad, Taiwan’s Ministry of Education (MOE) initiated a plan called Mobility+ in 2015. The four-year plan was conducted from 2016 to 2019; its aim was to promote the capability of global mobility for youth. Previous studies examined this policy focusing on student overseas studies and teacher education for internationalization. However, the discussion of stakeholders’ voices is still limited. This study aims to determine the challenges of Mobility+ and its future prospect in global context based on stakeholders’ perspectives. The survey gathered 404 participants, 24.5% of whom resided in northern Taiwan, 36.9% in southern Taiwan, 30.0% in central Taiwan, and 8.7% in eastern Taiwan. The results reveal current Mobility+ has faced significant challenges and relatively low resources support, which might impact on the outcome of the implementation of the policy itself. However, relatively low resources did not affect MOE’s intention to implement Mobility+. This study found that the working plans of universities were more effective than those of high schools, especially in terms of available resources and outcomes of policy implementation. This study also found that Mobility+ overemphasized outbound studies at the expense of local students’ needs. The findings suggest further enhancing the implementation of the global mobility policy for youth in the future, while also enriching the knowledge of the field.