中等教育促進STEM教育方針：臺泰比較研究

Policy and Practice to Engage STEM Education in Secondary Education: A Comparative Study between Taiwan and Thailand

STEM教育是科學、技術、工程及數學四類學科的首字母縮寫，成為當今教育界最受推崇的教育方法。它既是國家經濟發展的支柱，亦為迎接科技時代做好準備的基礎。本研究目的為探討臺泰兩國所促進的STEM教育方針，並比較兩者間STEM教育之異同。透過三位專家對於問卷項目的內容有效性和適當性測試後，以李克特5點量表問卷做線上與紙本之發放，共計238名臺灣和泰國STEM中學教師填寫。研究結果顯示，由T檢定得到的信賴區間高達95%，這說明臺泰之間在STEM教育方針上有顯著的差異，即臺灣一般重視學校本位課程發展、教學發展，並基於「研究型」的師資培養等模式。泰國則推行情境化的課程與跨科統整教學法，並以實例為基礎的師培教育，同時提升公眾的STEM意識。總而言之，臺泰兩國政府已推動STEM教育，以促進人力資源，從而使學生為未來做好準備。最後，本研究提議在實施STEM教育的同時，亦需重視科技倫理。

The Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education primates through every facet of today’s education. It underpins economic development and prepares the public for the technological era. The study aimed to 1. investigate policy and practice aiming to engage STEM education in Taiwan and Thailand, and 2. compare the differences and similarities in terms of STEM education approaches. After testing the content validity and appropriateness of questionnaire items determined by three experts, the 5 Likert scale paper-based and online-based questionnaires were distributed to 238 Taiwanese and Thais secondary teachers. The results showed that there were significant different policies and practices between Taiwan and Thailand as determined by the t-test independent with a 95% confidence interval. Taiwan encouraged the school-based curriculum, ability-oriented teaching method, research-based teacher education, and public-private collaboration. While, Thailand promoted the contextualized curriculum, integrated teaching method, example-based teacher training, and STEM awareness among the public. Taiwanese and Thais government has pushed STEM education forward to accelerate their human capital and prepare the student for the future. Further, the study suggested that STEM education may emphasize the ethical issue in science and technology.