美國大學社會責任實踐之歷史發展與實例探討：以賓夕法尼亞大學為例

Historical Development and Case Study of American University Social Responsibility Practice: Taking the University of Pennsylvania as an Example

2017年4月，教育部公告了「大學社會責任實踐計畫」，希望高等教育機構能以「在地連結」為核心，並透過人文關懷與協助解決區域問題之概念，以強調大學的社會責任。然若放在全球脈絡中來看，無論國際組織或歐美國家之政府、高等教育機構等，都早已在此領域上開啟先鋒，將大學的社會責任列為重要的議題，並且透過不同的方式具體實踐之。本研究透過文獻資料之分析，闡明美國大學社會責任的歷史發展進程；此外，也以賓夕法尼亞大學的實踐方式做為討論焦點。透過分析賓夕法尼亞大學長久以來在實踐策略中所發展出來的社會責任實踐之方式，希冀讓此刻台灣戮力推動深耕計畫的高等教育機構能有前車之鑑，各自於在地資源與條件下，開創出具有特色的實踐方式。

In April 2017, the Ministry of Education announced the “University Social Responsibility Project” (USR Project), hoping that higher education institutions can focus on “connecting to the local” and emphasize the concept of university social responsibility by helping the region to solve its problem and through humane care and assistance. However, if viewed in the global context, international organizations, governments of Europe and the United States, higher education institutions, etc., have already pioneered in this field, and have placed university social responsibility as an important issue, and practiced through different ways. This study clarifies the historical development of social responsibility in American universities through the analysis of literature data. In addition, the practice of the University of Pennsylvania is also the focus of discussion. By analyzing the local connection developed by the University of Pennsylvania in its long-term practice strategy, it is hoped that Taiwan’s higher education institutions, which are promoting the deep-rooted projects with their efforts, can learn from the previous experiences and create their own ways according to their respective resources and conditions in the local area.