男／女性別角色刻板印象、性別偏見與強暴迷思的關聯

Correlations between Male / Female Sex Role Stereotypes, Gender Biases, and Rape Myths

本研究探討男／女性別角色刻板印象、性別偏見與強暴迷思的關聯，以及其相關議題。在研究方法上，採取無記名自陳式問卷在線上蒐集資料，共計有611位年滿18歲的台灣民眾接受調查。本研究以t 檢定、相關分析與單因子變異數分析檢視各變項間的相關，並以逐步迴歸分析檢視性別角色刻板印象與性別偏見對強暴迷思的影響。研究結果顯示：一、男／女性別角色刻板印象、性別偏見與強暴迷思彼此有關，相關係數在 .42∼ .75之間，形成其關聯的潛在變項稱為包容缺失基模；二、男／女性別角色刻板印象與性別偏見，皆能預測強暴迷思；其中，男性性別角色刻板印象與性別偏見，可解釋男性強暴迷思43%的變異量；女性的性別角色刻板印象與性別偏見，可解釋女性強暴迷思36%的變異量；三、男性的性別角色刻板印象、性別偏見與強暴迷思接受度皆高於女性；年齡愈大、教育程度愈低，性別角色刻板印象、性別偏見與強暴迷思接受度有愈高的趨勢。最後，就研究結果意涵、實務應用、研究限制與後續研究方向提出討論。

Most previous studies have investigated the correlations between female sex role stereotypes, female gender biases, and female rape myths. However, few studies have extended this investigation to male sex role stereotypes, male gender biases, and male rape myths. Therefore, this study addresses the correlations between the male/ female sex role stereotypes, gender biases, and rape myths. An online self-report questionnaire was utilized to collect data from anonymous participants of at least 18 years of age and living in Taiwan. A total of 611 valid samples were collected. This study used t test, correlation analysis, and ANOVA to examine the correlations among variables, and stepwise regression analysis to examine the impact of sex role stereotypes and gender biases on rape myth acceptance. The results showed that male/ female sex role stereotypes, gender biases, and rape myths are associated, indicating the existence of a latent variable named tolerance deficiency schema. It was also shown that sex role stereotypes and gender biases predict both male and female rape myths. Specifically, male sex role stereotypes and gender biases have a stronger predictive power for male rape myths than female rape myths and account for a 43% variance of male rape myths. Female sex role stereotypes and gender biases have a stronger predictive power for female rape myths than male rape myths and account for a 36% variance of female rape myths. Regarding the impact of background variables, it was shown that men’s sex role stereotypes, gender biases, and rape myth acceptance are significantly more pronounced than those of women; age is positively associated with sex role stereotypes, gender biases, and rape myths; and education level exhibits a trend of negative associations with sex role stereotypes, gender biases, and rape myth acceptance. Finally, the implications, practical applications, and limitations of the study results are provided, as well as possible directions for future research.