英國與美國國際教育策略之探究

Investigating into the International Education Strategies in the UK and USA

世界的快速變化、政治經濟架構的變遷、人口的流動與重組、資訊科技的發達，在在都讓學校系統面臨新的挑戰與發展。英國與美國作為世界上的主要國家，他們對於國際教育有何新的理念、觀點與作為呢？這些都是值得觀察與分析的議題。所幸兩國相繼在2018年與2019年出版正式的策略白皮書，陳述未來兩國的發展重點與內涵。本文以官方白皮書內容為主，分析與討論英、美兩國國際教育的核心理念、內涵與推動架構。研究發現，國族主義是國際教育的主流價值，而教育外交作為軟實力的工具，也是兩者共通的發展。當然，英、美兩國也分別以水平與垂直整合的方式，統整國際教育的能量與影響力，至於全球與跨文化素養的培養，則有不同的差異。

Along with the rapid changes in political-economy structure, demographic mobility and composition, and advance of ICT, schooling systems around the world faced new challenges and developments. It is against this context that UK and USA as leading countries have respectively put forward new strategic white papers for international education in 2019 and 2018. This paper aims to decipher these official documents by investigating into their main ideas, contents and configurations. We reach the following conclusions. Nationalism is the mainstream ideology in international education. Education diplomacy is commonly used by UK and USA as the token for soft power across the globe. Certainly, horizontal and vertical integration are respectively adopted to strengthen its international capacity and influence. Finally, the cultivation of global and intercultural literacy is variously emphasized due to the contextual factors.