解析高等教育評鑑中同儕評審之作法與趨勢

Analysis on the Practices and Trends of Peer Review in Higher Education Evaluation

近年來，因應高等教育國際化與多元化的趨勢，高等教育評鑑已經成為各國政府提升高等教育機構品質及展現績效責任的重要方法。在這樣的時空背景下，自我評鑑結合以同儕評審為基礎的外部評鑑模式，為國際認同的高等教育品質保證作法，而同儕評審委員的表現牽動著高等教育評鑑的成敗與信、效度。實施以來，同儕評審委員的組成與專業性一直成為各國高等教育評鑑實施檢討的焦點。由此，本研究運用文獻探討及文件分析的研究方法，了解高等教育評鑑運用同儕評審制度的發展原因、分析各國遴聘同儕評審委員作法、專業能力的要求與強化作法，最後，提出符應高等教育評鑑發展趨勢之同儕評審委員遴聘、研習之可行作法，做為我國高等教育評鑑同儕評審制度發展之參據。

In response to the trends of internationalization and diversification of higher education, higher education evaluation has played a critical role for governments to improve the quality of higher education institutions and understand their performance. Self-evaluation, combined with the external evaluation model based on peer review, is an internationally recognized quality assurance practice for higher education. The performance of peer reviewers is the key factor to the success and reliability of higher education evaluation. The composition and professionalism of peer reviewers have been the main focus of higher education evaluation in various countries. Therefore, this paper uses literature review and document analysis to investigate the rationales developing peer review system in higher education evaluation and analyze the qualification requirements, professional competencies and training mechanisms for peer reviewers. Finally, author puts forward with the feasible ways of appointment and training mechanisms for peer reviewers as the references for the professional development of higher education evaluation system in Taiwan.