日本研究型大學在地連結策略之研究──以京都大學參與「區域知識據點形塑計畫」之理念為焦點

A Study on Research University Strategies for Linking Communities in Japan: A Case Study of Kyoto University’s “Center of Community” Project

社會急遽變遷下，大學如何發揮功能，解決區域、地方與社會的問題，成為近年來高等教育的重要議題。日本於2013年公布「區域知識據點形塑計畫」，強化大學與在地之連結。本研究以計畫中唯一之研究型大學─京都大學為研究對象，探討計畫的導入背景、內涵與執行狀況，並綜合實際訪談校內教職員之觀點，分析日本研究型大學在地連結的策略與特徵。研究結果得知：京都大學為了於校內制度中調和地方連結與學術研究兩個不同的目標，除調整原有的政策架構，以教育活動為核心，結合研究與社會貢獻措施發展地方連結外；還根據學校特色，以全球化視野、尖端研究成果與資源因應地方需求。同時，相關在地連結措施也被應用於促進大學的改革與發展之中。為此，研究者建議大學因應地方需求之策略，應在大學整體發展計畫、組織特色下，結合教育研究的基礎實施。

As a result of the rapid change of society, how universities can contribute to community, area, and society has become a crucial issue in higher education. To promote the link between universities and community, the Japanese Government introduced the Center of Community (COC) project in 2013. This research chose Kyoto University, the only research university in the COC project, as a case study. The aim of this paper is to clarify its strategies and characteristics for linking communities in research universities by examining the backgrounds, intentions, and status of Kyoto University’s COC project. In conclusion, to combine the concept of contributing to community and academics into the university administration system, Kyoto University took education as core activities to link communities with the combination of research and social contribution activities. Furthermore, according to the school characteristics of academia, Kyoto University responds to local needs with a global vision, cutting-edge research results, and resources. At the same time, these community contribution activities were also used to promote university reform and development. It is suggested that the strategies for universities responding to communities should be in the contexts of development, characteristics of the organizations, and the state of education and research.