臺灣的學仕化議題：建構在仕紳化三個世代的研究

The Agendas on Studentification in Taiwan: Based on the Three Research Waves of Gentrification

學仕化近年來成為一個重要的學術名詞，它主要是被用來描繪在許多國家高等教育擴張後，大量學生進入大學社區所帶來的都市空間結構改變與衝擊。這個起源於第三波仕紳化研究延伸與擴充的研究議題，一方面透過原有仕紳化的研究典範建立了三世代研究領域的視野，另一方面則藉由學生作為空間變遷的媒介，連結長久以來以學生為族群的社會與行為研究，再次提起「城鎮畢業袍」的辯證關係。對同樣在20年經歷高等教育擴張政策的臺灣而言，這個具有跨空間研究意義的主題更值得被提出具有地方性的比較研究成果。因此，本研究透過仕紳化三個世代的研究脈絡，以臺灣既有研究經驗的分享，架構未來臺灣學仕化的研究議題，分別為：一、臺灣學仕化的地方性；二、學仕化中的生產者與消費者；三、學生的不動產市場；四、學生在社區；五、學生與社區；六、國家調節與高等教育政策；七、土地開發與地方政權形式。

Recently, the term “studentification” has attracted the attention of scholars; it has been described as the process by which established neighborhoods increasingly became dominated by student residential occupation after the expansion of higher education institutions (HEIs) in many Western countries. Stemming from the third wave of research on “gentrification,” this new research field is integrated with issues from the previous research on gentrification to construct a new framework; it is also linked with research on social performance and the personal behavior of young people with regard to university students as agents of gentrification, and recaps the dialectical debate on the relationship between “town and gown”. Given Taiwan’s similar experience with the expansion of HEIs, this paper traces the research trajectory of “gentrification” and verifies local conditions to suggest research agendas on studentification in Taiwan, including: (1) the localities of Taiwan’s studentification; (2) the role of consumers and producers in Taiwan’s studentification; (3) the student housing market; (4) university students in the local community; (5) the relationship between university students and the local community; (6) state regulation and higher education policy; and (7) land development regime and local governance.