美國中小學校長視導人員專業標準及其啟示

Professional Standards for Principal Supervisors in America and Its Implications

教育視導是教育行政管理體制上不可或缺的一環，尤其在強調以學生學習為中心，強化學校有效教學品質的時代，提升校長教學領導能力與表現更受到重視；而提供校長專業支持與促進校長有效教學領導，也成為視導人員的重要職責。美國為修正各學區校長視導人員以往偏重行政視導，忽略教學領導的問題，在Wallace基金會贊助下，於2015年訂定「校長視導人員專業標準」，做為視導人員培訓、專業成長與評鑑之依據。本文之目的即在探討該專業標準之內涵及其啟示，期能提供各縣市省思、規劃、設置與建構符合在地需求之校長視導人員專業標準與運作方式之參考。

Educational supervisor is an indispensable part on educational administration system. Particularly, in the era of emphasize on student-center learning and effective instruction quality, to promote principal’s capacity of instructional leadership and their performance has been pay more attention. The way to provide professional support for principals and facilitate their effective leadership on instruction has become important tasks of school district supervisors. In America, the Wallace Foundation supported to develop the Model Principal Supervisor Standards 2015 aimed to revise the problems of district supervisors on principal supervision that lay particular stress on administrative supervision and neglect on instructional leadership. It is hope that the standards can also provide a reference framework for education agencies and training institutions on recruitment, selection, induction, professional development, and evaluation of principal supervisors. The purpose of the article is to explore the contents of the standards and its implications, and put forth some suggestions to policy makers for setting up a system of professional standards for local principal supervisors to promote principals’ instructional leadership and educational quality.