面向2030教育：聯合國教科文組織監測教育目標永續經營之挑戰、因應與啟示

Facing Education 2030: Challenges and Solutions for Monitoring Sustainable Development Goal 4 and Applications

2015年聯合國教科文組織結合相關機構透過在韓國仁川市舉辦的2015年世界教育論壇，發布面向2030年教育的《仁川宣言》，其教育願景除強調教育的獨立性外，更重要的是期望以人權為基礎，維護尊嚴、社會公平、和平與包容。欲實踐此一教育願景，教育資料監測系統是一項重要的機制與工具，因其所蒐集的資料可以直接呈現各國在達成教育願景的國家準備度，然而，根據監測「永續發展目標四」（Sustainable Development Goal 4, SDG4）「邁向無歧視與強調公平的品質教育以及為全民提供終身學習機會」所蒐集的資料卻顯示，大部分亞洲與太平洋區域國家的國家準備度仍有很大的改善空間。臺灣雖因政治因素未能納入亞洲國家的資料監測系統之中，但近年來的發展同樣是以人權為基礎，持續推動偏鄉教育與弱勢者教育等有助於提升教育機會均等、社會公平正義的教育政策，且已開始強調各級教育階段的資料庫建立與校務研究。據此，本文以該組織所提出的國家教育發展準備度的觀點，透過其在資料監測過程中所面臨的三大挑戰，分別說明其面臨的重大問題，並據以檢視臺灣在前述領域的作為與相關挑戰，並透過其所列舉的因應作為，嘗試提出臺灣在相關問題上應有的應變之道。

UNESCO together with UNICEF and related world-wide organizations prepared the World Education Forum 2015 in Incheon, Repulic of Korea and participants from 160 countries adopted the Incheon Declaration for Education 2030, which proposed a new vision focusing on providing inclusive and equitable quality education and lifelong learning for all. Data-monitoring system is an essential measure and instrument for collecting data to demonstrate country readiness of the Asia and Pacific region for Sustainable Development Goal 4. Current education indicator survey and follow up data analysis indicated that most of the Asia and Pacific region countries still had to face different challenges such as poor coordination among data producers, fragmented databases and lack of resources supporting the regular delivery of good quality data. Due to complex diplomatic reasons, Taiwan is not included in the data-monitoring system for country readiness under SDG 4, nonetheless the ministry of education had issued numerous education policies especially for disadvantaged students and remote schools for the purpose to accomplish education goal for providing inclusive and equitable education. In addition, to promote the quality of higher education management, institute research had been advocated recently to coordinate among diverse databases to gererate good quality information for school decision-making. Based on these facts, there are some similarities found between what had been done between UNESCO and Taiwan government, it is then important for us to have a quick review outining the major challenges and strategies existed in the UNESCO data-monitoring system, and therefore proposed some achievable suggestions for Taiwan to launch further studies.