日本提升全球移動力之探討─以「飛翔吧！留學Japan」計畫為例

How is Japan Enhancing Global Mobility? The Case Study of TOBITATE! Young Ambassador Program

隨著全球化的進展與各國間的經濟消長，全球移動力成為國家進步和個人生涯發展的關鍵因素。近10年來，歐洲、美國、澳洲、日本、韓國和臺灣都相繼推出提升全球移動力的計畫，以鼓勵本國學生出國學習。本研究以日本在2014年推動的「飛翔吧！留學Japan」計畫為對象，說明其背景、現況與特色，以做為我國的參考。研究結果發現，該計畫不僅選送不同階段學生，也由國家、大學、企業共同執行，特別是由191家企業大規模的出資為最大特色，顯示人才培育為三者共同責任已成為共識。不過，留學國家集中於歐美，錄取學生也集中在部分優秀大學，則再次顯示出日本高等教育政策「選擇」與「集中」的濃厚色彩。

With globalization and economic growth and decline in different countries, global mobility became the key factor of national progress and individual career development. In last decade, Europe, US, Australia, Japan, Korea and Taiwan are all striving to promote different programs to enhance global mobility in order to encourage young students to study abroad. This paper discussed the background, current situation and characteristics of “TOBITATE! Young Ambassador Program” which was promoted since 2014 in Japan. The selected students are from high schools, undergraduate and graduate schools, and nation, university and enterprise are sharing the responsibility to promote this program. It is also noticed that 191 enterprise companies are providing financial supports now. However, it is obvious that the policy is under the thinking of “selection and concentration” because most of selected students are coming from excellent universities, and they prefer studying in US and European countries.