國立大學推動整併機制之探析 - 日本國立大學整併經驗與啟示   免費試閱

A Study of National University Consolidation -The Experience of Japan National University

日本為了面對長期經濟衰退、大學學齡人口漸減現象及提昇學術競爭力，故在國立大學整併上著力甚深。2001年，日本文部科學省提出「遠山計畫」（遠山プラン），宣佈大學教育改革之三大策略：國立大學法人化、大學整併與大學評鑑制度，於是日本政府開始主導國立大學整併這項政策。
我國教育部於2012年通過「國立大學合併推動辦法」，對於未來國立大學的整併將不必透過各校校務會議通過，而是由教育部的「合併推動審議委員會」擁有最後決定權。要言之，教育部已從過去居於國立大學整併的協調角色，轉變為規劃與主導角色。在此背景脈絡影響之下，高等教育機構除了仍需持續追求頂尖卓越之外，證明運作績效的必要性將更甚以往。
本研究以比較研究法來進行分析，運用美國貝瑞德的四階段操作模式：描述、詮釋、併排、與比較，來蒐集、解釋、彙整和提出結論建議。本研究針對日本國立大學整併對我國國立大學合併推動提出四項啟示：一、教育政策應配合教育法令更積極導引；二、教育當局應提供整併方向；三、大學整併應顧及功能區隔；四、朝世界級卓越大學發展。

In order to face the prolonged recession, phenomenon of university- age population decreasing and enhance academic competitiveness in Japan, so the National University consolidation is strongly promoting. In 2001, the Japanese Ministry of Education proposed "Toyama Plan", announced the three strategies of university education reform: the National University Corporation, the University consolidation and evaluation system, so the Japanese government began to dominate the policy of the National University consolidation.
Taiwan's Ministry of Education passed "to promote ways to merge the National University" in 2012. in the future, the National University consolidation without going through the school staff meetings and through, but "to promote the joint consideration of the Committee" by the Ministry of Education has the final decision. In short, the Ministry of Education is living from the past and co-ordinating role, into planning and leading role of the National University consolidation. In this context, in addition to continuing the pursuit of top excellence, higher education institutions’ rational performance will be proved necessarily than ever.
In this study, the Japanese National University consolidation propose four revelation to the Taiwanese National University: First, the education policy should be more active guidance with the Education Act; Second, the education authorities should provide the consolidation direction; Third, universities should take into account the functional segmentation of consolidation; Fourth, universities development towards the world-class excellence.