漢畫淵源考略：以西漢早期石槨畫像為中心

A Preliminary Study in the Beginning of Han dynasty Pictorial Stones- Focus on the Early Han dynasty Sarcophagus

西漢早期的石槨畫像常見菱形紋飾、玉璧、樹木、人物、樓閣等畫像。比較當時大型墓葬的棺槨裝飾得知，菱形紋飾以及玉璧畫像可謂模擬當時貴族的漆棺鑲玉裝飾。相對於此，樹木紋飾可謂象徵良木棺槨自身，進而象徵墓上的封樹等。除此，人物紋飾則是如同人俑一般，可謂服侍墓主的象徵。因此，本文首先整理西漢石槨的發現與研究，提出問題意識以及解決之道；其次，逐一比對各自母題以及母體布排之間的規律，從而確立畫像石槨與鑲玉漆棺之間的模擬關係；再者，從材質轉換等理論出發，分析漢代的社會階層變化當中，一般平民百姓如何通過視覺挪用以及大量製作的方法，從而在傳統的喪葬建築及其裝飾系統之間，確立漢代畫像藝術的內容與特色。

There were diamond ornamentations and patterns of jade discs, trees, figures, pavilions… etc in Early Han dynasty sarcophaguses. The diamond ornamentation was copied from the pattern of aristocratic sarcophaguses, the jade disc pattern was from the real jade disc of aristocratic funeral objects. On the other hand, the tree pattern was a symbol of coffins. In addition, patterns of figures were symbols of servants in tombs.
Therefore, this paper first would focus on the discovery and research into Western Han Dynasty sarcophaguses and then pose the problem and propose solutions. Secondly, this study will go through aristocratic sarcophaguses and people’s sarcophaguses to seek for any connections between them. Thirdly, the researcher will use the theory of material transformation to analyze the changes of funeral ritual art and in the social class in the Han Dynasty.