教育與女性獨立自主：以五四前後十一位女性知識分子為例   免費試閱

Education and Women's Independence and Autonomy from the Late Qing to the May Fourth Era: The Case of 11 Intellectual Females

本研究選擇11位生於晚清、成長於五四前後的女性知識分子，旨於將女性置於晚清至五四倡導女子教育與解放歷史脈絡，藉由分析女性接受教育的經驗、對教育的觀點與主張，探究教育與女性獨立自主的關係。本研究首先敘述研究方法，然後描述晚清民初女性受教育風氣初興，女性教育良莠不齊與女性知識能力受漠視的情形。五四新文化運動起，思潮揭櫫教育與婦女解放之重要關係。本研究接著探討女性為何想要接受教育，並以女性接受教育意識初醒、新式學校教育與國外留學三個階段，探究教育對女性獨立自主的重要與影響，以及歷程中女性們所展現的自我獨立自主與群體意識。結論提出女性教育與獨立自主所蘊含正面與反思的意涵。

This article aims to explore the importance of education to women and their independence and autonomy as well as the ways that women displayed their independence and autonomy by analyzing the educational experiences, processes and views of 11 intellectual females born in the late Qing. This article begins with describing the context in which girls' education was of poor quality and girls' learning abilities were overlooked during the period between the late Qing and the birth of the Republic. The arguments of the New Culturalists gave rise to the significance of associating women's education with their emancipation and independence. Next, drawing on the illustrations from and accounts of these 11 intellectual females, this article proceeds to elaborates on why women wanted to be educated so as to identify the importance of education to women. Furthermore, the findings suggest the ways that women displayed their independence and autonomy, such as their distinguished academic performance, joining protects and efforts in arousing women's collective consciousness, during the three various stages- the initial educational period, the new-style school period and the period of studying abroad. Finally, both positive and negative implications regarding women's education and their independence and autonomy have been considered.