埃吕尔技术哲学思想及其对教育研究的影响

Ellul’s Thoughts on Philosophy of Technology and Its Implications for Educational Research

技术进步推动了教育的发展。法国技术哲学家埃吕尔是当代技术哲学领域的代表人物。埃吕尔认为技术可以作为效率手段、人工环境或技术系统，而技术进步则是从传统社会到技术社会，再到技术系统，经历了从关注个体进步到整体进步的转变。埃吕尔的技术哲学思想为我们理解技术的不可逆性和普遍性对教育影响的必然，以及教育中的“效率”追求，技术化了的人，人的主动性的丧失等对教育影响的实然，提供了富有启发意义的研究视角。从技术对教育影响的应然性来看，教育要回到人，回到过程，回到生活，回到终身学习，回到教育的本真。

Technological progress has promoted the development of education. Jaques Ellul is the famous representative figure of contemporary philosophy of technology. Ellul considered that technology could be understood as a means of efficiency, as an artificial environment or technological system. He believed technological progress was a transformation from traditional society to the technological society, and then to technological system and experienced a shift from individual progress to social progress. Ellul’s thoughts provide insight for us to understand the irreversibility and universality of technology and its inevitable influence on education as well as the factual influence on education such as the pursuit of “efficiency” in education, the technological person and the loss of people's initiative. Given the inevitable influence of technology on education, education should return to human, to the process, to life, to lifelong learning and to the true meaning of education.