近六十年美国数学能力目标变革:背景、演进及特点

The Context, Evolution and Characteristics of Mathematical Ability Reform in America In Recent Six Decades

美国数学教育的能力目标由真、善、美与功、利、用综合起来共同决定。近60年美国经历了"新数学"运动、"回到基础"运动、问题解决中心、《美国学校数学课程与评价标准》、《美国学校数学教育的原则和标准》等历次数学课程改革，由此形成了数学能力目标的变革体系。该体系呈现出综合性、跳跃性、发展性等特点，对我国数学能力目标设置具有借鉴意义。

The aims of Mathematical ability in America include real , goodness, beauty, function， purpose and application. It went through New math, Back to Basis, Problem Solving, «Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics» and «Principles and Standards for School Mathematics» , forming mathematical ability reform system. The system shows characteristics as comprehensive, fluctuant and developmental, can bring some enlightenments for setting up mathematical ability aims in China.