教育:以建构人的意义世界为旨归

Education: To Construct the Meaningful World for People

与人性的契合,是教育的应有之义,也是人类不懈追求的教育理想。人性是“适应性”与“超越性”的统一,而“意义世界”则是基于人“超越性”维度的“合真”“合善”“合美”的精神世界,彰显了人之于动物的独特性。作为“培养人”的社会实践活动,教育的安身立命之本在于“使人作为人成为人”,它以“真”为基础,以“善”为宗旨,以“美”为鹄的,是受教育者建构自我意义世界的必然途径和可能方式。在“对人的依赖”和“对物的依赖”为基础的社会中,教育的意义探寻功能被遮蔽了。为使人摆脱工具性的存在状态,实现受教育者的自由全面发展,我们应在教育实践中消解“物化思维”,践行“以人为本”的理念,进而通过对受教育者适应性的尊重与超越性的激发,不断完善教育对人的建构作用。

The compatibility with the human nature is not only the inherent concept of education, but also the educational ideal which human pursues unremittingly. Human nature is the unity of adaptability and transcendence; "the meaningful world" , on the base of the transcendence dimension, is the spiritual world with the truth, the goodness and the beauty and reveals the difference between human and animals. As the social practice of "cultivating people" , the aim of education is to "make a person to be and become a human" . Education takes the truth as base, the goodness as tenet, and the beauty as purpose; it is an inevitable and possible way for students’ construction of their meaningful world. In the society of "relying on people" and "relying on material" , the exploring function of education is shielded. In order to help people avoid the instrumental existence, and realize the free and comprehensive development of students, we should dispel the "materialized thoughts" , and put the "people-oriented" idea into educational practice, and thus improve the human construction function of education by respecting the adaptability and stimulating the transcendence.